Consonants

There are 2 types of consonants in Kannada : Structured or Vargeeya and Unstructured or Avargeeya. 

Vargeeya: 

The structured consonants (Vargeeya aksharagalu) are further classified into 5 groups based on where the tongue touches while pronouncing the akshara.
                     

ಕ	ಖ	ಗ	ಘ	ಙ
क	ख	ग	घ	ड़
Ka	Kha	Ga	Gha	Nga

                               

ಚ	ಛ	ಜ	ಝ	ಞ
च	छ	ज	झ	ञ
Cha	Chha	Ja	Jha

                      

ಟ	ಠ	ಡ	ಢ	ಣ
ट	ठ	ड	ढ	ण
Ta	Tha	Da	Dah	Nha

ತ	ಥ	ದ	ಧ	ನ
त	थ	द	ध	न
Tha (as in tabla)	Ththa	Dha	Dhah	Na

                                    

ಪ	ಫ	ಬ	ಭ	ಮ
प	फ	ब	भ	म
Pa	Pha	Ba	Bha	Ma

          

Avargeeya or Unstructured consonants:

ಯ	ರ	ಲ	ವ	ಶ
य	र	ल	व	श
Ya	Ra	La	Va	Sha

ಷ	ಸ	ಹ	ಳ
ष	स	ह
Shha	Sa	Ha	La

Notes : 

1. to pronounce ಳ  the tongue should roll a little bit as in Pavala ( coral in tamil )

2. ತ sounds as t in tabla. 

3. ಟ sounds as t in tower.

4. ಥ sounds as t in thermos.